X-Git-Url: https://git.njae.me.uk/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=cipherbreak.py;h=120a89e4f82ec07561a0fa2ced9940344eafc60c;hb=ba7f680356ba1c48338814cd8164d667c82dc27d;hp=3993a42b5b8f786e9352160032389ac5ae58d476;hpb=49dc272d2fc91e7340e56e9e7b96da6ab63514bb;p=cipher-tools.git diff --git a/cipherbreak.py b/cipherbreak.py index 3993a42..120a89e 100644 --- a/cipherbreak.py +++ b/cipherbreak.py @@ -1,14 +1,24 @@ +"""A set of functions to break the ciphers give in ciphers.py. +""" + import string import collections import norms import logging -from itertools import zip_longest, cycle, permutations +import random +import math +from itertools import starmap from segment import segment from multiprocessing import Pool -from math import log10 import matplotlib.pyplot as plt +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) +logger.addHandler(logging.FileHandler('cipher.log')) +logger.setLevel(logging.WARNING) +#logger.setLevel(logging.INFO) +#logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) + from cipher import * from language_models import * @@ -25,59 +35,46 @@ for word in keywords: def frequencies(text): """Count the number of occurrences of each character in text - + >>> sorted(frequencies('abcdefabc').items()) [('a', 2), ('b', 2), ('c', 2), ('d', 1), ('e', 1), ('f', 1)] >>> sorted(frequencies('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy ' \ 'dog').items()) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE - [(' ', 8), ('a', 1), ('b', 1), ('c', 1), ('d', 2), ('e', 4), ('f', 1), - ('g', 1), ('h', 2), ('i', 1), ('j', 1), ('k', 1), ('l', 1), ('m', 1), - ('n', 1), ('o', 4), ('p', 1), ('q', 1), ('r', 2), ('t', 2), ('u', 2), + [(' ', 8), ('a', 1), ('b', 1), ('c', 1), ('d', 2), ('e', 4), ('f', 1), + ('g', 1), ('h', 2), ('i', 1), ('j', 1), ('k', 1), ('l', 1), ('m', 1), + ('n', 1), ('o', 4), ('p', 1), ('q', 1), ('r', 2), ('t', 2), ('u', 2), ('v', 1), ('w', 1), ('x', 1), ('y', 1), ('z', 1)] >>> sorted(frequencies('The Quick BROWN fox jumped! over... the ' \ '(9lazy) DOG').items()) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE - [(' ', 8), ('!', 1), ('(', 1), (')', 1), ('.', 3), ('9', 1), ('B', 1), - ('D', 1), ('G', 1), ('N', 1), ('O', 2), ('Q', 1), ('R', 1), ('T', 1), - ('W', 1), ('a', 1), ('c', 1), ('d', 1), ('e', 4), ('f', 1), ('h', 2), - ('i', 1), ('j', 1), ('k', 1), ('l', 1), ('m', 1), ('o', 2), ('p', 1), + [(' ', 8), ('!', 1), ('(', 1), (')', 1), ('.', 3), ('9', 1), ('B', 1), + ('D', 1), ('G', 1), ('N', 1), ('O', 2), ('Q', 1), ('R', 1), ('T', 1), + ('W', 1), ('a', 1), ('c', 1), ('d', 1), ('e', 4), ('f', 1), ('h', 2), + ('i', 1), ('j', 1), ('k', 1), ('l', 1), ('m', 1), ('o', 2), ('p', 1), ('r', 1), ('t', 1), ('u', 2), ('v', 1), ('x', 1), ('y', 1), ('z', 1)] - >>> sorted(frequencies(sanitise('The Quick BROWN fox jumped! over... ' \ + >>> sorted(frequencies(sanitise('The Quick BROWN fox jumped! over... '\ 'the (9lazy) DOG')).items()) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE - [('a', 1), ('b', 1), ('c', 1), ('d', 2), ('e', 4), ('f', 1), ('g', 1), - ('h', 2), ('i', 1), ('j', 1), ('k', 1), ('l', 1), ('m', 1), ('n', 1), - ('o', 4), ('p', 1), ('q', 1), ('r', 2), ('t', 2), ('u', 2), ('v', 1), + [('a', 1), ('b', 1), ('c', 1), ('d', 2), ('e', 4), ('f', 1), ('g', 1), + ('h', 2), ('i', 1), ('j', 1), ('k', 1), ('l', 1), ('m', 1), ('n', 1), + ('o', 4), ('p', 1), ('q', 1), ('r', 2), ('t', 2), ('u', 2), ('v', 1), ('w', 1), ('x', 1), ('y', 1), ('z', 1)] >>> frequencies('abcdefabcdef')['x'] 0 """ - #counts = collections.defaultdict(int) - #for c in text: - # counts[c] += 1 - #return counts return collections.Counter(c for c in text) -def frequency_compare(text, target_frequency, frequency_scaling, metric): - counts = frequency_scaling(frequencies(text)) - return -1 * metric(target_frequency, counts) - -def euclidean_compare(text): - return frequency_compare(text, norms.euclidean_scale(english_counts), - norms.euclidean_scale, norms.euclidean_distance) - - def caesar_break(message, fitness=Pletters): """Breaks a Caesar cipher using frequency analysis - + >>> caesar_break('ibxcsyorsaqcheyklxivoexlevmrimwxsfiqevvmihrsasrxliwyrh' \ 'ecjsppsamrkwleppfmergefifvmhixscsymjcsyqeoixlm') # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - (4, -130.849890899...) + (4, -130.849989015...) >>> caesar_break('wxwmaxdgheetgwuxztgptedbgznitgwwhpguxyhkxbmhvvtlbhgtee' \ 'raxlmhiixweblmxgxwmhmaxybkbgztgwztsxwbgmxgmert') # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - (19, -128.82516920...) + (19, -128.82410410...) >>> caesar_break('yltbbqnqnzvguvaxurorgenafsbezqvagbnornfgsbevpnaabjurer' \ 'svaquvzyvxrnznazlybequrvfohgriraabjtbaruraprur') # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - (13, -126.25233502...) + (13, -126.25403935...) """ sanitised_message = sanitise(message) best_shift = 0 @@ -86,7 +83,8 @@ def caesar_break(message, fitness=Pletters): plaintext = caesar_decipher(sanitised_message, shift) fit = fitness(plaintext) logger.debug('Caesar break attempt using key {0} gives fit of {1} ' - 'and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(shift, fit, plaintext[:50])) + 'and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(shift, fit, + plaintext[:50])) if fit > best_fit: best_fit = fit best_shift = shift @@ -95,365 +93,495 @@ def caesar_break(message, fitness=Pletters): caesar_decipher(sanitised_message, best_shift)[:50])) return best_shift, best_fit -def affine_break(message, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise): +def affine_break(message, fitness=Pletters): """Breaks an affine cipher using frequency analysis - + >>> affine_break('lmyfu bkuusd dyfaxw claol psfaom jfasd snsfg jfaoe ls ' \ 'omytd jlaxe mh jm bfmibj umis hfsul axubafkjamx. ls kffkxwsd jls ' \ 'ofgbjmwfkiu olfmxmtmwaokttg jlsx ls kffkxwsd jlsi zg tsxwjl. jlsx ' \ 'ls umfjsd jlsi zg hfsqysxog. ls dmmdtsd mx jls bats mh bkbsf. ls ' \ 'bfmctsd kfmyxd jls lyj, mztanamyu xmc jm clm cku tmmeaxw kj lai ' \ 'kxd clm ckuxj.') # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - ((15, 22, True), 0.0598745365924...) + ((15, 22, True), -340.601181913...) """ sanitised_message = sanitise(message) best_multiplier = 0 best_adder = 0 best_one_based = True - best_fit = float("inf") + best_fit = float("-inf") for one_based in [True, False]: - for multiplier in range(1, 26, 2): + for multiplier in [x for x in range(1, 26, 2) if x != 13]: for adder in range(26): - plaintext = affine_decipher(sanitised_message, + plaintext = affine_decipher(sanitised_message, multiplier, adder, one_based) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) + fit = fitness(plaintext) logger.debug('Affine break attempt using key {0}x+{1} ({2}) ' 'gives fit of {3} and decrypt starting: {4}'. - format(multiplier, adder, one_based, fit, + format(multiplier, adder, one_based, fit, plaintext[:50])) - if fit < best_fit: + if fit > best_fit: best_fit = fit best_multiplier = multiplier best_adder = adder best_one_based = one_based - logger.info('Affine break best fit with key {0}x+{1} ({2}) gives fit of {3} ' - 'and decrypt starting: {4}'.format( - best_multiplier, best_adder, best_one_based, best_fit, - affine_decipher(sanitised_message, best_multiplier, - best_adder, best_one_based)[:50])) + logger.info('Affine break best fit with key {0}x+{1} ({2}) gives fit of ' + '{3} and decrypt starting: {4}'.format( + best_multiplier, best_adder, best_one_based, best_fit, + affine_decipher(sanitised_message, best_multiplier, + best_adder, best_one_based)[:50])) return (best_multiplier, best_adder, best_one_based), best_fit -def keyword_break(message, - wordlist=keywords, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise): - """Breaks a keyword substitution cipher using a dictionary and - frequency analysis +def keyword_break(message, wordlist=keywords, fitness=Pletters): + """Breaks a keyword substitution cipher using a dictionary and + frequency analysis. >>> keyword_break(keyword_encipher('this is a test message for the ' \ - 'keyword decipherment', 'elephant', 1), \ + 'keyword decipherment', 'elephant', KeywordWrapAlphabet.from_last), \ wordlist=['cat', 'elephant', 'kangaroo']) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - (('elephant', 1), 0.1066453448861...) + (('elephant', ), -52.834575011...) """ best_keyword = '' best_wrap_alphabet = True - best_fit = float("inf") - for wrap_alphabet in range(3): + best_fit = float("-inf") + for wrap_alphabet in KeywordWrapAlphabet: for keyword in wordlist: plaintext = keyword_decipher(message, keyword, wrap_alphabet) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) + fit = fitness(plaintext) logger.debug('Keyword break attempt using key {0} (wrap={1}) ' 'gives fit of {2} and decrypt starting: {3}'.format( - keyword, wrap_alphabet, fit, + keyword, wrap_alphabet, fit, sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) - if fit < best_fit: + if fit > best_fit: best_fit = fit best_keyword = keyword best_wrap_alphabet = wrap_alphabet logger.info('Keyword break best fit with key {0} (wrap={1}) gives fit of ' - '{2} and decrypt starting: {3}'.format(best_keyword, + '{2} and decrypt starting: {3}'.format(best_keyword, best_wrap_alphabet, best_fit, sanitise( - keyword_decipher(message, best_keyword, + keyword_decipher(message, best_keyword, best_wrap_alphabet))[:50])) return (best_keyword, best_wrap_alphabet), best_fit -def keyword_break_mp(message, - wordlist=keywords, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise, - chunksize=500): - """Breaks a keyword substitution cipher using a dictionary and +def keyword_break_mp(message, wordlist=keywords, fitness=Pletters, + number_of_solutions=1, chunksize=500): + """Breaks a keyword substitution cipher using a dictionary and frequency analysis >>> keyword_break_mp(keyword_encipher('this is a test message for the ' \ - 'keyword decipherment', 'elephant', 1), \ + 'keyword decipherment', 'elephant', KeywordWrapAlphabet.from_last), \ wordlist=['cat', 'elephant', 'kangaroo']) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - (('elephant', 1), 0.106645344886...) + (('elephant', ), -52.834575011...) + >>> keyword_break_mp(keyword_encipher('this is a test message for the ' \ + 'keyword decipherment', 'elephant', KeywordWrapAlphabet.from_last), \ + wordlist=['cat', 'elephant', 'kangaroo'], \ + number_of_solutions=2) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS, +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE + [(('elephant', ), -52.834575011...), + (('elephant', ), -52.834575011...)] """ with Pool() as pool: - helper_args = [(message, word, wrap, metric, target_counts, - message_frequency_scaling) - for word in wordlist for wrap in range(3)] - # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level + helper_args = [(message, word, wrap, fitness) + for word in wordlist + for wrap in KeywordWrapAlphabet] + # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level # (limitation of Pool.starmap) - breaks = pool.starmap(keyword_break_worker, helper_args, chunksize) - return min(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + breaks = pool.starmap(keyword_break_worker, helper_args, chunksize) + if number_of_solutions == 1: + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + else: + return sorted(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1], reverse=True)[:number_of_solutions] -def keyword_break_worker(message, keyword, wrap_alphabet, metric, target_counts, - message_frequency_scaling): +def keyword_break_worker(message, keyword, wrap_alphabet, fitness): plaintext = keyword_decipher(message, keyword, wrap_alphabet) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) + fit = fitness(plaintext) logger.debug('Keyword break attempt using key {0} (wrap={1}) gives fit of ' '{2} and decrypt starting: {3}'.format(keyword, wrap_alphabet, fit, sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) return (keyword, wrap_alphabet), fit -def scytale_break(message, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_bigram_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise): - """Breaks a Scytale cipher - - >>> scytale_break('tfeulchtrtteehwahsdehneoifeayfsondmwpltmaoalhikotoere' \ - 'dcweatehiplwxsnhooacgorrcrcraotohsgullasenylrendaianeplscdriioto' \ - 'aek') # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - (6, 0.092599933059...) - """ - best_key = 0 - best_fit = float("inf") - ngram_length = len(next(iter(target_counts.keys()))) - for key in range(1, 20): - if len(message) % key == 0: - plaintext = scytale_decipher(message, key) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies( - ngrams(sanitise(plaintext), ngram_length))) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) - logger.debug('Scytale break attempt using key {0} gives fit of ' - '{1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(key, - fit, sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) - if fit < best_fit: - best_fit = fit - best_key = key - logger.info('Scytale break best fit with key {0} gives fit of {1} and ' - 'decrypt starting: {2}'.format(best_key, best_fit, - sanitise(scytale_decipher(message, best_key))[:50])) - return best_key, best_fit - - -def column_transposition_break_mp(message, - translist=transpositions, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_bigram_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise, - chunksize=500): - """Breaks a column transposition cipher using a dictionary and - n-gram frequency analysis - """ - # >>> column_transposition_break_mp(column_transposition_encipher(sanitise( \ - # "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ - # possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ - # little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ - # first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the \ - # minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ - # rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ - # 'encipher'), \ - # translist={(2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6): ['encipher'], \ - # (5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 4, 2): ['fourteen'], \ - # (6, 1, 0, 4, 5, 3, 2): ['keyword']}) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - # (((2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6), False), 0.0628106372...) - # >>> column_transposition_break_mp(column_transposition_encipher(sanitise( \ - # "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ - # possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ - # little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ - # first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the \ - # minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ - # rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ - # 'encipher'), \ - # translist={(2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6): ['encipher'], \ - # (5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 4, 2): ['fourteen'], \ - # (6, 1, 0, 4, 5, 3, 2): ['keyword']}, \ - # target_counts=normalised_english_trigram_counts) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - # (((2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6), False), 0.0592259560...) - # """ - ngram_length = len(next(iter(target_counts.keys()))) +def monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing(message, max_iterations=10000000, + fitness=Pletters): + ciphertext = unaccent(message).lower() + alphabet = list(string.ascii_lowercase) + random.shuffle(alphabet) + alphabet = ''.join(alphabet) + return monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_worker(ciphertext, alphabet, + max_iterations, fitness) + +def monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_mp(message, workers=10, + max_iterations = 10000000, fitness=Pletters, chunksize=1): + worker_args = [] + ciphertext = unaccent(message).lower() + for i in range(workers): + alphabet = list(string.ascii_lowercase) + random.shuffle(alphabet) + alphabet = ''.join(alphabet) + worker_args.append((ciphertext, alphabet, max_iterations, fitness)) with Pool() as pool: - helper_args = [(message, trans, columnwise, metric, target_counts, ngram_length, - message_frequency_scaling) - for trans in translist.keys() for columnwise in [True, False]] - # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level - # (limitation of Pool.starmap) - breaks = pool.starmap(column_transposition_break_worker, helper_args, chunksize) - return min(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) -column_transposition_break = column_transposition_break_mp - -def column_transposition_break_worker(message, transposition, columnwise, metric, target_counts, - ngram_length, message_frequency_scaling): - plaintext = column_transposition_decipher(message, transposition, columnwise=columnwise) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies( - ngrams(sanitise(plaintext), ngram_length))) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) - logger.debug('Column transposition break attempt using key {0} ' - 'gives fit of {1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format( - transposition, fit, - sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) - return (transposition, columnwise), fit - - -def transposition_break_exhaustive(message): - best_transposition = '' - best_pw = -float('inf') - for keylength in range(1, 21): - if len(message) % keylength == 0: - for transposition in permutations(range(keylength)): - for columnwise in [True, False]: - plaintext = column_transposition_decipher(message, - transposition, columnwise=columnwise) - # pw = Pwords(segment(plaintext)) - pw = sum([log10(bigram_likelihood(b, - normalised_english_bigram_counts, - normalised_english_counts)) - for b in ngrams(plaintext, 2)]) - logger.debug('Column transposition break attempt using key {0} {1} ' - 'gives fit of {2} and decrypt starting: {3}'.format( - transposition, columnwise, pw, - sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) - if pw > best_pw: - best_transposition = transposition - best_columnwise = columnwise - best_pw = pw - return (best_transposition, best_columnwise), best_pw - - -def vigenere_keyword_break(message, - wordlist=keywords, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise): - """Breaks a vigenere cipher using a dictionary and - frequency analysis - - >>> vigenere_keyword_break(vigenere_encipher(sanitise('this is a test ' \ - 'message for the vigenere decipherment'), 'cat'), \ - wordlist=['cat', 'elephant', 'kangaroo']) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - ('cat', 0.15965224935...) - """ - best_keyword = '' - best_fit = float("inf") - for keyword in wordlist: - plaintext = vigenere_decipher(message, keyword) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) - logger.debug('Vigenere break attempt using key {0} ' - 'gives fit of {1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format( - keyword, fit, - sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) - if fit < best_fit: - best_fit = fit - best_keyword = keyword - logger.info('Vigenere break best fit with key {0} gives fit ' - 'of {1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(best_keyword, - best_fit, sanitise( - vigenere_decipher(message, best_keyword))[:50])) - return best_keyword, best_fit - -def vigenere_keyword_break_mp(message, - wordlist=keywords, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise, - chunksize=500): - """Breaks a vigenere cipher using a dictionary and - frequency analysis + breaks = pool.starmap(monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_worker, + worker_args, chunksize) + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + +def monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_worker(message, alphabet, + max_iterations, fitness): + def swap(letters, i, j): + if i > j: + i, j = j, i + if i == j: + return letters + else: + return (letters[:i] + letters[j] + letters[i+1:j] + letters[i] + + letters[j+1:]) + best_alphabet = alphabet + best_fitness = float('-inf') + for i in range(max_iterations): + alphabet = swap(alphabet, random.randrange(26), random.randrange(26)) + cipher_translation = ''.maketrans(string.ascii_lowercase, alphabet) + plaintext = message.translate(cipher_translation) + if fitness(plaintext) > best_fitness: + best_fitness = fitness(plaintext) + best_alphabet = alphabet + print(i, best_alphabet, best_fitness, plaintext) + return best_alphabet, best_fitness + + +def vigenere_keyword_break_mp(message, wordlist=keywords, fitness=Pletters, + chunksize=500): + """Breaks a vigenere cipher using a dictionary and frequency analysis. >>> vigenere_keyword_break_mp(vigenere_encipher(sanitise('this is a test ' \ 'message for the vigenere decipherment'), 'cat'), \ wordlist=['cat', 'elephant', 'kangaroo']) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - ('cat', 0.159652249358...) + ('cat', -52.947271216...) """ with Pool() as pool: - helper_args = [(message, word, metric, target_counts, - message_frequency_scaling) + helper_args = [(message, word, fitness) for word in wordlist] - # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level + # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level # (limitation of Pool.starmap) - breaks = pool.starmap(vigenere_keyword_break_worker, helper_args, chunksize) - return min(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + breaks = pool.starmap(vigenere_keyword_break_worker, helper_args, + chunksize) + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) +vigenere_keyword_break = vigenere_keyword_break_mp -def vigenere_keyword_break_worker(message, keyword, metric, target_counts, - message_frequency_scaling): +def vigenere_keyword_break_worker(message, keyword, fitness): plaintext = vigenere_decipher(message, keyword) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) + fit = fitness(plaintext) logger.debug('Vigenere keyword break attempt using key {0} gives fit of ' - '{1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(keyword, + '{1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(keyword, fit, sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) return keyword, fit - -def vigenere_frequency_break(message, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise): +def vigenere_frequency_break(message, max_key_length=20, fitness=Pletters): """Breaks a Vigenere cipher with frequency analysis >>> vigenere_frequency_break(vigenere_encipher(sanitise("It is time to " \ "run. She is ready and so am I. I stole Daniel's pocketbook this " \ "afternoon when he left his jacket hanging on the easel in the " \ - "attic."), 'florence')) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - ('florence', 0.077657073...) + "attic. I jump every time I hear a footstep on the stairs, " \ + "certain that the theft has been discovered and that I will " \ + "be caught. The SS officer visits less often now that he is " \ + "sure"), 'florence')) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + ('florence', -307.5473096791...) """ - best_fit = float("inf") - best_key = '' - sanitised_message = sanitise(message) - for trial_length in range(1, 20): - splits = every_nth(sanitised_message, trial_length) + def worker(message, key_length, fitness): + splits = every_nth(sanitised_message, key_length) key = ''.join([chr(caesar_break(s)[0] + ord('a')) for s in splits]) - plaintext = vigenere_decipher(sanitised_message, key) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) - logger.debug('Vigenere key length of {0} ({1}) gives fit of {2}'. - format(trial_length, key, fit)) - if fit < best_fit: - best_fit = fit - best_key = key - logger.info('Vigenere break best fit with key {0} gives fit ' - 'of {1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(best_key, - best_fit, sanitise( - vigenere_decipher(message, best_key))[:50])) - return best_key, best_fit - -def beaufort_frequency_break(message, - metric=norms.euclidean_distance, - target_counts=normalised_english_counts, - message_frequency_scaling=norms.normalise): + plaintext = vigenere_decipher(message, key) + fit = fitness(plaintext) + return key, fit + sanitised_message = sanitise(message) + results = starmap(worker, [(sanitised_message, i, fitness) + for i in range(1, max_key_length+1)]) + return max(results, key=lambda k: k[1]) + + +def beaufort_frequency_break(message, max_key_length=20, fitness=Pletters): """Breaks a Beaufort cipher with frequency analysis >>> beaufort_frequency_break(beaufort_encipher(sanitise("It is time to " \ "run. She is ready and so am I. I stole Daniel's pocketbook this " \ "afternoon when he left his jacket hanging on the easel in the " \ - "attic."), 'florence')) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS - ('florence', 0.077657073...) + "attic. I jump every time I hear a footstep on the stairs, " \ + "certain that the theft has been discovered and that I will " \ + "be caught. The SS officer visits less often now " \ + "that he is sure"), 'florence')) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + ('florence', -307.5473096791...) """ - best_fit = float("inf") - best_key = '' + def worker(message, key_length, fitness): + splits = every_nth(sanitised_message, key_length) + key = ''.join([chr(-caesar_break(s)[0] % 26 + ord('a')) + for s in splits]) + plaintext = beaufort_decipher(message, key) + fit = fitness(plaintext) + return key, fit sanitised_message = sanitise(message) - for trial_length in range(1, 20): - splits = every_nth(sanitised_message, trial_length) - key = ''.join([chr(caesar_break(s)[0] + ord('a')) for s in splits]) - plaintext = beaufort_decipher(sanitised_message, key) - counts = message_frequency_scaling(frequencies(plaintext)) - fit = metric(target_counts, counts) - logger.debug('Beaufort key length of {0} ({1}) gives fit of {2}'. - format(trial_length, key, fit)) - if fit < best_fit: - best_fit = fit - best_key = key - logger.info('Beaufort break best fit with key {0} gives fit ' - 'of {1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(best_key, - best_fit, sanitise( - beaufort_decipher(message, best_key))[:50])) - return best_key, best_fit + results = starmap(worker, [(sanitised_message, i, fitness) + for i in range(1, max_key_length+1)]) + return max(results, key=lambda k: k[1]) +def column_transposition_break_mp(message, translist=transpositions, + fitness=Pbigrams, chunksize=500): + """Breaks a column transposition cipher using a dictionary and + n-gram frequency analysis + + >>> column_transposition_break_mp(column_transposition_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 'encipher'), \ + translist={(2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6): ['encipher'], \ + (5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 4, 2): ['fourteen'], \ + (6, 1, 0, 4, 5, 3, 2): ['keyword']}) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (((2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6), False, False), -709.4646722...) + >>> column_transposition_break_mp(column_transposition_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 'encipher'), \ + translist={(2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6): ['encipher'], \ + (5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 4, 2): ['fourteen'], \ + (6, 1, 0, 4, 5, 3, 2): ['keyword']}, \ + fitness=Ptrigrams) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (((2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6), False, False), -997.0129085...) + """ + with Pool() as pool: + helper_args = [(message, trans, fillcolumnwise, emptycolumnwise, + fitness) + for trans in translist.keys() + for fillcolumnwise in [True, False] + for emptycolumnwise in [True, False]] + # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level + # (limitation of Pool.starmap) + breaks = pool.starmap(column_transposition_break_worker, + helper_args, chunksize) + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) +column_transposition_break = column_transposition_break_mp + +def column_transposition_break_worker(message, transposition, + fillcolumnwise, emptycolumnwise, fitness): + plaintext = column_transposition_decipher(message, transposition, + fillcolumnwise=fillcolumnwise, emptycolumnwise=emptycolumnwise) + fit = fitness(sanitise(plaintext)) + logger.debug('Column transposition break attempt using key {0} ' + 'gives fit of {1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format( + transposition, fit, + sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) + return (transposition, fillcolumnwise, emptycolumnwise), fit + + +def scytale_break_mp(message, max_key_length=20, + fitness=Pbigrams, chunksize=500): + """Breaks a scytale cipher using a range of lengths and + n-gram frequency analysis + + >>> scytale_break_mp(scytale_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 5)) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (5, -709.4646722...) + >>> scytale_break_mp(scytale_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 5), \ + fitness=Ptrigrams) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (5, -997.0129085...) + """ + with Pool() as pool: + helper_args = [(message, trans, False, True, fitness) + for trans in + [[col for col in range(math.ceil(len(message)/rows))] + for rows in range(1,max_key_length+1)]] + # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level + # (limitation of Pool.starmap) + breaks = pool.starmap(column_transposition_break_worker, + helper_args, chunksize) + best = max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + return math.trunc(len(message) / len(best[0][0])), best[1] +scytale_break = scytale_break_mp + + +def railfence_break(message, max_key_length=20, + fitness=Pletters, chunksize=500): + """Breaks a hill cipher using a matrix of given rank and letter frequencies + + + """ + + sanitised_message = sanitise(message) + results = starmap(worker, [(sanitised_message, i, fitness) + for i in range(2, max_key_length+1)]) + return max(results, key=lambda k: k[1]) + + +def railfence_break(message, max_key_length=20, + fitness=Pbigrams, chunksize=500): + """Breaks a railfence cipher using a range of lengths and + n-gram frequency analysis + + >>> railfence_break(railfence_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 7)) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (7, -709.46467226...) + >>> railfence_break(railfence_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 7), \ + fitness=Ptrigrams) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (7, -997.0129085...) + """ + def worker(message, height, fitness): + plaintext = railfence_decipher(message, height) + fit = fitness(plaintext) + return height, fit + + sanitised_message = sanitise(message) + results = starmap(worker, [(sanitised_message, i, fitness) + for i in range(2, max_key_length+1)]) + return max(results, key=lambda k: k[1]) + +def amsco_break(message, translist=transpositions, patterns = [(1, 2), (2, 1)], + fillstyles = [AmscoFillStyle.continuous, + AmscoFillStyle.same_each_row, + AmscoFillStyle.reverse_each_row], + fitness=Pbigrams, + chunksize=500): + """Breaks an AMSCO transposition cipher using a dictionary and + n-gram frequency analysis + + >>> amsco_break(amsco_transposition_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 'encipher'), \ + translist={(2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6): ['encipher'], \ + (5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 4, 2): ['fourteen'], \ + (6, 1, 0, 4, 5, 3, 2): ['keyword']}, \ + patterns=[(1, 2)]) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (((2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6), (1, 2)), -709.4646722...) + >>> amsco_break(amsco_transposition_encipher(sanitise( \ + "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in \ + possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife. However \ + little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his \ + first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in \ + the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered the \ + rightful property of some one or other of their daughters."), \ + 'encipher', fillpattern=(2, 1)), \ + translist={(2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6): ['encipher'], \ + (5, 0, 6, 1, 3, 4, 2): ['fourteen'], \ + (6, 1, 0, 4, 5, 3, 2): ['keyword']}, \ + patterns=[(1, 2), (2, 1)], fitness=Ptrigrams) # doctest: +ELLIPSIS + (((2, 0, 5, 3, 1, 4, 6), (2, 1)), -997.0129085...) + """ + with Pool() as pool: + helper_args = [(message, trans, pattern, fillstyle, fitness) + for trans in translist.keys() + for pattern in patterns + for fillstyle in fillstyles] + # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level + # (limitation of Pool.starmap) + breaks = pool.starmap(amsco_break_worker, helper_args, chunksize) + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + +def amsco_break_worker(message, transposition, + pattern, fillstyle, fitness): + plaintext = amsco_transposition_decipher(message, transposition, + fillpattern=pattern, fillstyle=fillstyle) + fit = fitness(sanitise(plaintext)) + logger.debug('AMSCO transposition break attempt using key {0} and pattern' + '{1} ({2}) gives fit of {3} and decrypt starting: ' + '{4}'.format( + transposition, pattern, fillstyle, fit, + sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) + return (transposition, pattern, fillstyle), fit + + +def hill_break(message, matrix_size=2, fitness=Pletters, + number_of_solutions=1, chunksize=500): + + all_matrices = [np.matrix(list(m)) + for m in itertools.product([list(r) + for r in itertools.product(range(26), repeat=matrix_size)], + repeat=matrix_size)] + valid_matrices = [m for m, d in + zip(all_matrices, (int(round(linalg.det(m))) for m in all_matrices)) + if d != 0 + if d % 2 != 0 + if d % 13 != 0 ] + with Pool() as pool: + helper_args = [(message, matrix, fitness) + for matrix in valid_matrices] + # Gotcha: the helper function here needs to be defined at the top level + # (limitation of Pool.starmap) + breaks = pool.starmap(hill_break_worker, helper_args, chunksize) + if number_of_solutions == 1: + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + else: + return sorted(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1], reverse=True)[:number_of_solutions] + +def hill_break_worker(message, matrix, fitness): + plaintext = hill_decipher(matrix, message) + fit = fitness(plaintext) + logger.debug('Hill cipher break attempt using key {0} gives fit of ' + '{1} and decrypt starting: {2}'.format(matrix, + fit, sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) + return matrix, fit + + +def pocket_enigma_break_by_crib(message, wheel_spec, crib, crib_position): + """Break a pocket enigma using a crib (some plaintext that's expected to + be in a certain position). Returns a list of possible starting wheel + positions that could produce the crib. + + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'h', 0) + ['a', 'f', 'q'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'he', 0) + ['a'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'll', 2) + ['a'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'l', 2) + ['a'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'l', 3) + ['a', 'j', 'n'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('aaaaa', 1, 'l', 3) + [] + """ + pe = PocketEnigma(wheel=wheel_spec) + possible_positions = [] + for p in string.ascii_lowercase: + pe.set_position(p) + plaintext = pe.decipher(message) + if plaintext[crib_position:crib_position+len(crib)] == crib: + possible_positions += [p] + return possible_positions + def plot_frequency_histogram(freqs, sort_key=None): x = range(len(freqs.keys())) @@ -469,4 +597,3 @@ def plot_frequency_histogram(freqs, sort_key=None): if __name__ == "__main__": import doctest doctest.testmod() -