X-Git-Url: https://git.njae.me.uk/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=slides%2Faffine-encipher.html;fp=slides%2Faffine-encipher.html;h=c0f30cb58cb7eb9d2e28f4ea3f809d952f22b516;hb=b2bff955d11597f85c5e1935165a44fb0e5e487e;hp=30f3900f7525cb694ce2fdbcb79df60d40b7f9e5;hpb=bdd3d7f555d6ee1b2f816a3e339af429833444db;p=cipher-training.git diff --git a/slides/affine-encipher.html b/slides/affine-encipher.html index 30f3900..c0f30cb 100644 --- a/slides/affine-encipher.html +++ b/slides/affine-encipher.html @@ -36,6 +36,11 @@ color: #ff6666; text-shadow: 0 0 20px #333; padding: 2px 5px; + } + .indexlink { + position: absolute; + bottom: 1em; + left: 1em; } .float-right { float: right; @@ -56,9 +61,16 @@ An extension of Caesar ciphers * Count the gaps in the letters. --- + +layout: true + +.indexlink[[Index](index.html)] + +--- + # How affine ciphers work -_ciphertext_letter_ =_plaintext_letter_ × a + b +.ciphertext[_ciphertext_letter_] =.plaintext[_plaintext_letter_] × a + b * Convert letters to numbers * Take the total modulus 26 @@ -83,11 +95,11 @@ This is not always defined in modular arithmetic. For instance, 7 × 4 = 28 = 2 Result from number theory: only numbers coprime with _n_ have multiplicative inverses in arithmetic mod _n_. -Another result from number theory: for non-negative integers _a_ and _n_, and there exist unique integers _x_ and _y_ such that _ax_ + _ny_ = gcd(_a_, _b_) +Another result from number theory: for non-negative integers _m_ and _n_, and there exist unique integers _x_ and _y_ such that _mx_ + _ny_ = gcd(_m_, _n_) Coprime numbers have gcd of 1. -_ax_ + _ny_ = 1 mod _n_. But _ny_ mod _n_ = 0, so _ax_ = 1 mod _n_, so _a_ = _x_-1. +_mx_ + _ny_ = 1 mod _n_. But _ny_ mod _n_ = 0, so _mx_ = 1 mod _m_, so _m_ = _x_-1. Perhaps the algorithm for finding gcds could be useful?