From e886a6d4d4fe6f42e049d02bf7d35da70d0ff9ce Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Neil Smith Date: Sat, 5 Jul 2014 21:59:18 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Added pocket enigma routines --- cipher.py | 146 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++- cipherbreak.py | 73 +++++++++++++++++++++++++ 2 files changed, 218 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/cipher.py b/cipher.py index a2df81b..0fb6dc2 100644 --- a/cipher.py +++ b/cipher.py @@ -507,6 +507,150 @@ def scytale_decipher(message, rows): fillcolumnwise=True, emptycolumnwise=False) +class PocketEnigma(object): + """A pocket enigma machine + The wheel is internally represented as a 26-element list self.wheel_map, + where wheel_map[i] == j shows that the position i places on from the arrow + maps to the position j places on. + """ + def __init__(self, wheel=1, position='a'): + """initialise the pocket enigma, including which wheel to use and the + starting position of the wheel. + + The wheel is either 1 or 2 (the predefined wheels) or a list of letter + pairs. + + The position is the letter pointed to by the arrow on the wheel. + + >>> pe.wheel_map + [25, 4, 23, 10, 1, 7, 9, 5, 12, 6, 3, 17, 8, 14, 13, 21, 19, 11, 20, 16, 18, 15, 24, 2, 22, 0] + >>> pe.position + 0 + """ + self.wheel1 = [('a', 'z'), ('b', 'e'), ('c', 'x'), ('d', 'k'), + ('f', 'h'), ('g', 'j'), ('i', 'm'), ('l', 'r'), ('n', 'o'), + ('p', 'v'), ('q', 't'), ('s', 'u'), ('w', 'y')] + self.wheel2 = [('a', 'c'), ('b', 'd'), ('e', 'w'), ('f', 'i'), + ('g', 'p'), ('h', 'm'), ('j', 'k'), ('l', 'n'), ('o', 'q'), + ('r', 'z'), ('s', 'u'), ('t', 'v'), ('x', 'y')] + if wheel == 1: + self.make_wheel_map(self.wheel1) + elif wheel == 2: + self.make_wheel_map(self.wheel2) + else: + self.validate_wheel_spec(wheel) + self.make_wheel_map(wheel) + self.position = ord(position) - ord('a') + + def make_wheel_map(self, wheel_spec): + """Expands a wheel specification from a list of letter-letter pairs + into a full wheel_map. + + >>> pe.make_wheel_map(pe.wheel2) + [2, 3, 0, 1, 22, 8, 15, 12, 5, 10, 9, 13, 7, 11, 16, 6, 14, 25, 20, 21, 18, 19, 4, 24, 23, 17] + """ + self.validate_wheel_spec(wheel_spec) + self.wheel_map = [0] * 26 + for p in wheel_spec: + self.wheel_map[ord(p[0]) - ord('a')] = ord(p[1]) - ord('a') + self.wheel_map[ord(p[1]) - ord('a')] = ord(p[0]) - ord('a') + return self.wheel_map + + def validate_wheel_spec(self, wheel_spec): + """Validates that a wheel specificaiton will turn into a valid wheel + map. + + >>> pe.validate_wheel_spec([]) + Traceback (most recent call last): + ... + ValueError: Wheel specification has 0 pairs, require 13 + >>> pe.validate_wheel_spec([('a', 'b', 'c')]*13) + Traceback (most recent call last): + ... + ValueError: Not all mappings in wheel specificationhave two elements + >>> pe.validate_wheel_spec([('a', 'b')]*13) + Traceback (most recent call last): + ... + ValueError: Wheel specification does not contain 26 letters + """ + if len(wheel_spec) != 13: + raise ValueError("Wheel specification has {} pairs, require 13". + format(len(wheel_spec))) + for p in wheel_spec: + if len(p) != 2: + raise ValueError("Not all mappings in wheel specification" + "have two elements") + if len(set([p[0] for p in wheel_spec] + + [p[1] for p in wheel_spec])) != 26: + raise ValueError("Wheel specification does not contain 26 letters") + + def encipher_letter(self, letter): + """Enciphers a single letter, by advancing the wheel before looking up + the letter on the wheel. + + >>> pe.set_position('f') + 5 + >>> pe.encipher_letter('k') + 'h' + """ + self.advance() + return self.lookup(letter) + decipher_letter = encipher_letter + + def lookup(self, letter): + """Look up what a letter enciphers to, without turning the wheel. + + >>> pe.set_position('f') + 5 + >>> ''.join([pe.lookup(l) for l in string.ascii_lowercase]) + 'udhbfejcpgmokrliwntsayqzvx' + """ + return chr((self.wheel_map[(ord(letter) - ord('a') - self.position) % 26] + self.position) % 26 + ord('a')) + + def advance(self): + """Advances the wheel one position. + + >>> pe.set_position('f') + 5 + >>> pe.advance() + 6 + """ + self.position = (self.position + 1) % 26 + return self.position + + def encipher(self, message): + """Enciphers a whole message. + + >>> pe.set_position('f') + 5 + >>> pe.encipher('helloworld') + 'kjsglcjoqc' + >>> pe.set_position('f') + 5 + >>> pe.encipher('kjsglcjoqc') + 'helloworld' + """ + transformed = '' + for l in message: + transformed += self.encipher_letter(l) + return transformed + decipher = encipher + + def set_position(self, position): + """Sets the position of the wheel, by specifying the letter the arrow + points to. + + >>> pe.set_position('a') + 0 + >>> pe.set_position('m') + 12 + >>> pe.set_position('z') + 25 + """ + self.position = ord(position) - ord('a') + return self.position + + if __name__ == "__main__": import doctest - doctest.testmod() + doctest.testmod(extraglobs={'pe': PocketEnigma(1, 'a')}) diff --git a/cipherbreak.py b/cipherbreak.py index e89407c..6e08f49 100644 --- a/cipherbreak.py +++ b/cipherbreak.py @@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import string import collections import norms import logging +import random from itertools import zip_longest, cycle, permutations, starmap from segment import segment from multiprocessing import Pool @@ -183,6 +184,50 @@ def keyword_break_worker(message, keyword, wrap_alphabet, fitness): wrap_alphabet, fit, sanitise(plaintext)[:50])) return (keyword, wrap_alphabet), fit +def monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing(message, max_iterations = 10000000, + fitness=Pletters): + ciphertext = unaccent(message).lower() + alphabet = list(string.ascii_lowercase) + random.shuffle(alphabet) + alphabet = ''.join(alphabet) + return monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_worker(ciphertext, alphabet, + max_iterations, fitness) + +def monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_mp(message, workers=10, + max_iterations = 10000000, fitness=Pletters, chunksize=1): + worker_args = [] + ciphertext = unaccent(message).lower() + for i in range(workers): + alphabet = list(string.ascii_lowercase) + random.shuffle(alphabet) + alphabet = ''.join(alphabet) + worker_args.append((ciphertext, alphabet, max_iterations, fitness)) + with Pool() as pool: + breaks = pool.starmap(monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_worker, + worker_args, chunksize) + return max(breaks, key=lambda k: k[1]) + +def monoalphabetic_break_hillclimbing_worker(message, alphabet, + max_iterations, fitness): + def swap(letters, i, j): + if i > j: + i, j = j, i + if i == j: + return letters + else: + return letters[:i] + letters[j] + letters[i+1:j] + letters[i] + letters[j+1:] + best_alphabet = alphabet + best_fitness = float('-inf') + for i in range(max_iterations): + alphabet = swap(alphabet, random.randrange(26), random.randrange(26)) + cipher_translation = ''.maketrans(string.ascii_lowercase, alphabet) + plaintext = message.translate(cipher_translation) + if fitness(plaintext) > best_fitness: + best_fitness = fitness(plaintext) + best_alphabet = alphabet + print(i, best_alphabet, best_fitness, plaintext) + return best_alphabet, best_fitness + def column_transposition_break_mp(message, translist=transpositions, fitness=Pbigrams, chunksize=500): @@ -356,6 +401,34 @@ def beaufort_frequency_break(message, max_key_length=20, fitness=Pletters): return max(results, key=lambda k: k[1]) +def pocket_enigma_break_by_crib(message, wheel_spec, crib, crib_position): + """Break a pocket enigma using a crib (some plaintext that's expected to + be in a certain position). Returns a list of possible starting wheel + positions that could produce the crib. + + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'h', 0) + ['a', 'f', 'q'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'he', 0) + ['a'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'll', 2) + ['a'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'l', 2) + ['a'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('kzpjlzmoga', 1, 'l', 3) + ['a', 'j', 'n'] + >>> pocket_enigma_break_by_crib('aaaaa', 1, 'l', 3) + [] + """ + pe = PocketEnigma(wheel=wheel_spec) + possible_positions = [] + for p in string.ascii_lowercase: + pe.set_position(p) + plaintext = pe.decipher(message) + if plaintext[crib_position:crib_position+len(crib)] == crib: + possible_positions += [p] + return possible_positions + + def plot_frequency_histogram(freqs, sort_key=None): x = range(len(freqs.keys())) y = [freqs[l] for l in sorted(freqs.keys(), key=sort_key)] -- 2.34.1